Growth and Decline Essay Example for Free

Growth and Decline Essay Areas of growth and decline in the primary, secondary and tertiary classifications of business activities Firstly the primary sector, obtain or produces raw goods. The secondary sector manufactures and constructs goods. Finally the tertiary sector provides services to businesses and/or individuals. Over time whole sectors can grow or decline. Absolute growth or decline means that on its own a sector is getting bigger or smaller. If this type of decline happened continuously, one day a sector would disappear. Relative growth or decline means a sector is doing better or worse compared with other sectors. It may be growing relative to other sectors but still not doing very well. Or it may be declining relative to other sectors, but doing quite well on its own. Overall the primary and secondary sector is declining and the tertiary sector is growing. This is because we as a country are becoming more of a service culture. The primary and secondary sector has decreased because we can now use machinery to do certain jobs that people used to do and so people have to find work elsewhere in the tertiary sector. The primary sector has decreased rapidly through time from 1980 to 2002 and the employment rate for primary industries has decreased by over 65% going from 3. 6% to 1. 4%. This is because people no longer produce their own food or own animals for meat and so as the years went on people started to trade the food that they produced and the animals they owned for other products which leads on to the tertiary sector. However within the sector the output has risen from. Fishing fleets, coal mining and quarrying are all examples of areas in the primary sector that has declined. This is because machinery can do most jobs that people used to do, foreign industries also became more competitive and imports such as coal became more affordable. As the availability of coal declined in the UK, and also became more expensive to extract more coal was imported. This led to a further decline in primary sector employment in the UK. The primary sector has although increased in its organic food production, wind farming, fish farming and oil and natural gas extraction. The number of organic producers has risen from 6,038 organic producers in 2004 to 7,567 organic producers in 2009 this is because the demand for organic food has increased as more and more people want to eat food without artificial fertilizers and pesticides. However even with this increase the primary sector is declining compared to the secondary and tertiary sectors as employment for the primary sector in 2008 is only 1. 6% of the UK whereas the secondary sector has an employment rate of 17. 6% in 2008 and the tertiary sector has an employment rate of 80. % in 2008. This shows that the primary sector is declining along with the secondary sector but at a much more drastic rate. The secondary sector is doing better than the primary sector as pointed out in my last paragraph however is declining largely compared to the tertiary sector. Between 2005 and 2008 the secondary sector was on the rise as employment in manufacturing increased and the output of the secondary sector increased. H owever as the recession hit, the secondary sector saw a decline of output from 23% in 2008 to 6. 5% at the start of 2009. The areas hit most were industries metal products, transport (engineering) and construction. Over 140,000 jobs were lost in the motor industry, BAE systems cut 500 jobs and SANYO closed its factory which made televisions – ever since no factory in Britain made televisions. Later in 2009 the decline started to slow down but hasn’t improved much since as companies are still making cut backs. Going back to 2005-2008 the areas that were most successful in the secondary sector were the food and drink industry, drugs and pharmaceuticals, weapons, ammunitions, energy, electrical and optical equipment and finally paper and publishing.

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Definitions of yoga in terms of Buddhism, Hinduism and Jainism are spiritual and discipline. It has been loved by diverse demographics. Yoga is more than posturing and increasing flexibility of our body, but it also works as a technique of not only controlling our body and mind but also managing our souls. â€Å"The traditional purpose of Yoga, however, has always been to bring about a profound transformation in the person through the transcendence of the ego.† Feuerstein3 (Ettington, 2012) The earliest beginning of yoga is still not clear, but one essay suggests that traditional yoga was originated in the Indus civilization and the early Vedic religious traditions (Jacobsen, 2005). Since then, yoga has been practiced for thousands of years and evolved and changed over time. American history of yoga starts from the time when a quota was imposed on Indian immigrants by the United States Immigrant Services, and this quota allowed Americans can visit and travel the East Asia for teaching purposes. In 1947, Theos Bernard came back to the United States from India and wrote a book called Hatha Yoga: The Report of a Personal Experience. Also, at the similar time, Indra Devi, known as the grandfather of American yoga, opened the first yoga studio in California. Richard Hittleman, however, was the most contributed person who spread yoga to the large population (Hammond, n.d.). Yoga has the eightfold path, which is structural processes for yoga practices. Practicing these eight paths allows all elements of our body balanced and brings completeness to our lives if we are connected to the divine (Doran, n.d.). Among eight paths, Asanas and Pranayama are the types that are most known to the public. Asanas means practicing body postures by foc... ... pranayama, really helps people to focus on their lives more and gives them different perspectives on their lives. I would define yoga as a guide that leads people to reach to their utmost condition and place. Citation Doran, J,D,W. (n.d.) The  Eight Limbs  , The Core of Yoga. Retrieved from http://www.expressionsofspirit.com/yoga/eight-limbs.htm Ettington, M. (2012). Raja Yoga – Through the Ages. M.K. Ettington Books. Retrieved from https://www.smashwords.com/books/view/238113 Farhi, D. (n.d.). What are Yoga Asanas and Why Practice Them. Retrieved from https://www.healthy.net/Health/Article/What_are_Yoga_Asanas_and_Why_Practice_Them/1092/2 Hammond, H. (n.d.). Yoga’s Trip to America. Yoga Journal. Retrieved from http://www.yogajournal.com/wisdom/467 Jacob, A, K. (2005). Theory and Practice of Yoga: Essays in Honour of Gerald James Larson. MA: Brill Leiden-Boston.

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Final Exam Page 1 1. (TCO A) Which of the following does NOT always increase a company's market value? (Points : 5) Increasing the expected growth rate of sales Increasing the expected operating profitability (NOPAT/Sales) Decreasing the capital requirements (Capital/Sales) Decreasing the weighted average cost of capital Increasing the expected rate of return on invested capital| 2. (TCO F) Which of the following statements is correct? (Points : 5) For a project with normal cash flows, any change in the WACC will change both the NPV and the IRR.To find the MIRR, we first compound cash flows at the regular IRR to find the TV, and then we discount the TV at the WACC to find the PV. The NPV and IRR methods both assume that cash flows can be reinvested at the WACC. However, the MIRR method assumes reinvestment at the MIRR itself. If two projects have the same cost, and if their NPV profiles cross in the upper right quadrant, then the project with the higher IRR probably has more of its c ash flows coming in the later years.If two projects have the same cost, and if their NPV profiles cross in the upper right quadrant, then the project with the lower IRR probably has more of its cash flows coming in the later years. | 3. (TCO D) The Ramirez Company's last dividend was $1. 75. Its dividend growth rate is expected to be constant at 25% for 2 years, after which dividends are expected to grow at a rate of 6% forever. Its required return (rs) is 12%. What is the best estimate of the current stock price? a. $41. 58 b. $42. 64 c. $43. 71 d. $44. 80 e. $45. 92(Points : 20) | 4. TCO G) The ABC Corporation's budgeted monthly sales are $4,000. In the first month, 40% of its customers pay and take the 3% discount. The remaining 60% pay in the month following the sale and don't receive a discount. ABC's bad debts are very small and are excluded from this analysis. Purchases for next month's sales are constant each month at $2,000. Other payments for wages, rent, and taxes are con stant at $500 per month. Construct a single month's cash budget with the information given. What is the average cash gain or (loss) during a typical month for the ABC Corporation? (Points : 20) | 5. TCO G) Clayton Industries is planning its operations for next year, and Ronnie Clayton, the CEO, wants you to forecast the firm's additional funds needed (AFN). The firm is operating at full capacity. Data for use in your forecast are shown below. Based on the AFN equation, what is the AFN for the coming year? Dollars are in millions. Last year's sales = S0| $350| | Last year's accounts payable| $40| Sales growth rate = g| 30%| | Last year's notes payable| $50| Last year's total assets = A0*| $500| | Last year's accruals| $30| Last year's profit margin = PM| 5%| | Target payout ratio| 60%| a. $102. b. $108. 2 c. $113. 9 d. $119. 9 e. $125. 9 (Points : 30) | | Final Exam Page 2 1. (TCO H) Desai Inc. has the following data, in thousands. Assuming a 365-day year, what is the firm's cash con version cycle? Annual sales = Annual cost of goods sold = Inventory = Accounts receivable = Accounts payable =| $45,000 $30,000 $4,500 $1,800 $2,500| a. 28 days b. 32 days c. 35 days d. 39 days e. 43 days (Points : 30) | 2. (TCO C) A firm buys on terms of 2/8, net 45 days, it does not take discounts, and it actually pays after 58 days. What is the effective annual percentage cost of its nonfree trade credit? Use a 365-day year. ) a. 14. 34% b. 15. 10% c. 15. 89% d. 16. 69% e. 17. 52%(Points : 30) | 3. (TCO E) Daves Inc. recently hired you as a consultant to estimate the company's WACC. You have obtained the following information. (1) The firm's noncallable bonds mature in 20 years, have an 8. 00% annual coupon, a par value of $1,000, and a market price of $1,050. 00. (2) The company's tax rate is 40%. (3) The risk-free rate is 4. 50%, the market risk premium is 5. 50%, and the stock's beta is 1. 20. (4) The target capital structure consists of 35% debt and the balance is common equi ty.The firm uses the CAPM to estimate the cost of common stock, and it does not expect to issue any new shares. What is its WACC? a. 7. 16% b. 7. 54% c. 7. 93% d. 8. 35% e. 8. 79%(Points : 30) | 4. (TCO B) Leak Inc. forecasts the free cash flows (in millions) shown below. If the weighted average cost of capital is 11% and FCF is expected to grow at a rate of 5% after Year 2, what is the Year 0 value of operations, in millions? Assume that the ROIC is expected to remain constant in Year 2 and beyond (and do not make any half-year adjustments). Year: 1 2 Free cash flow: -$50 $100 a. $1,456 b. 1,529 c. $1,606 d. $1,686 e. $1,770(Points : 35) | 5. (TCO G) Based on the corporate valuation model, Hunsader's value of operations is $300 million. The balance sheet shows $20 million of short-term investments that are unrelated to operations, $50 million of accounts payable, $90 million of notes payable, $30 million of long-term debt, $40 million of preferred stock, and $100 million of common equity. The company has 10 million shares of stock outstanding. What is the best estimate of the stock's price per share? a. $13. 72 b. $14. 44 c. $15. 20 d. $16. 00 e. $16. 80(Points : 35) | |

Emily Dickinson s Writing - 1685 Words

Jennelle Mina Anderson English 105 December 15, 2014 Emily Dickinson Research Paper Emily Dickinson’s (1830-1886) work became a very influential to American Literature. She was born in Amherst, Massachusetts on December ten. It was when she left school to live a solitary life at home her passion for writing began. Following her death, Dickinson’s family discovered her journals filled with her work and had it published. After her work became publish she caught the attention of many readers through her unique form of writing. Dickinson challenged the traditional forms of writing and posed different ways of viewing the world which made her considered an unconventional writer of her time. Many of her works are deceptively minimalistic yet contain so much meaning because of her careful choice in words. Dickinson’s writing are often applicable to multiple points of views or meanings, some of which were points of controversy. Many of Dickinson’s writing touched on many culturally sensitive controversial topics. Som e of which are still applicable to this day which is a reason why she upholds her reputation and is considered one of the most influential American writer. Through Dickinson’s unconventional style of writing and exploration of philosophical and controversial themes, she is deemed as one of the top most influential, female, American writer. Dickinson’s style of writing is unique because of her use of diction, meter, and punctuation. The techniques used in her poetryShow MoreRelatedEmily Dickinson s Writing And Writing2295 Words   |  10 Pagesnineteenth century, emily dickinson (1830 - 1886) offered as a standout amongst those couple female poets in the generally male-dominated circle about american writing. In spite of she authored 1800 poems, main seven were distributed Throughout her lifetime - why? emily dickinson need dependably provoked debate; through her life, her motivations to those expressions she composed and the interpretations of the individuals express ions. It might be contended that emily dickinson herself, might haveRead MoreEmily Dickinson s Influences On Writing889 Words   |  4 PagesMadison Lollar Joshua Scott ENGL-2120-C61 May 2, 2015 Emily Dickinson’s Influences in Writing: 　　　　On December 10, 1830, Emily Dickinson was born in her hometown where she would spend the rest of her life, Amherst, Massachusetts. Dickinson enjoyed writing and often credited herself on her wittiness and intelligence. She was a poet who made current events and situations the subjects of many of her writings. Although she wrote throughout her life, some of the poems were not found until after her deathRead MoreAnalysis Of Emily Dickinson s Writing1953 Words   |  8 Pagesactual wording to create the desired message. Images, messages, and the creation of worlds depend on the writer’s ability to make the correct word choice that would compel the reader to follow their logic and truly see what was being presented. Emily Dickinson, an American Writer, was well versed in the duality and power behind every word choice penned to the page. Dickinson’s poetry is a fine mix of linguistic genesis, syntax abnormalities, and connotative imagery that formed a lasting impression onRead MoreEmily Dickinson s Writing Style1191 Words   |  5 PagesEmily Dickinson was one of the many famous American poets whose work was published in the 19th century. Her writing style was seen as unconventional due to her use of â€Å"dashes and syntactical fragments†(81), which was later edited out by her original publishers. These fragmented statements and dashes were added to give emphasis to certain lines and subjects to get her point across. Even though Emily Dickinson was thought to be a recluse, she wrote descriptive, moving poems on death, religion, andRead MoreBibliography Relation to Analysis of Emily Dickinson ´s Writings2048 Words   |  8 Pages Anderson, Paul W. The Metaphysical Mirth of Emily Dickinson. Georgia Review 20.1 Spring 1966): 72-83. Rpt. in Nineteenth-Century Literature Criticism. Ed. Jessica Bomarito and Russel Whitaker. Vol. 171. Detroit: Gale, 2006. Literature Resource Center. Web. 14 Feb. 2014. Anderson accomplishes the discernment of Dickinson’s poems and their allusions to many classic myths. He denotes the figurative language that Dickinson utilizes in her poetry to relate to her themes. With these key elements inRead MoreEmily Dickinson s Amazing Gifts As A Poet1178 Words   |  5 Pagesher. 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The procedure Dickinson used to keep in touch with her verse was at no other time seen and was the foundationRead MoreEmily Dickinson s I Taste A Liquor Never Brewed 1237 Words   |  5 PagesDraft: Emily Dickinson Emily Dickinson s works made her a woman ahead of her time, through her unwillingness to conform to the norms of society. Emily Dickinson was a poet from the 1850s. Many people tried to urge Dickinson to publish, but she then had to start worrying about her punctuation in her works. Her works held great power and they reached maturity quite quickly as she talks about how dense the natural world is in one of her poems â€Å"I taste a liquor never brewed†. Emily Dickinson was bornRead MoreEmily Dickinson1547 Words   |  7 Pages Brionna Gardenhire 9th Grade Honors Literature Mr. Phillip Grabowskii November 13, 2012 Emily Dickinson was born on December 10, 1830, in Amherst, Massachusetts. She was the oldest daughter of Edward Dickinson, a successful lawyer, member of Congress, and for many years treasurer of Amherst College, and of Emily Norcross Dickinson, a timid woman. Lavinia, Dickinson’s sister, described Emily as perfectly well amp; contented—She is a very good child amp; but little trouble. (Sewall 324)Read More`` It Was Not Death, For I Stood Up, By Emily Dickinson1728 Words   |  7 Pageswith a specific focus on Emily Dickinson’s link of mental illness to reclusiveness within her works titled â€Å"It was not Death, for I stood up,† â€Å"After great pain, a Formal feeling comes,† â€Å"I dwell in Possibility,† â€Å"My Life had stood—a Loaded Gun,† and â€Å"Tell all the Truth but tell it slant†.† Emily Dickinson is one of the most influential female poets of the 19th century. Born in Amherst, Massachusetts in 1830, Dickinson began her life as a normal child. Growing up, Dickinson had more opportunities